Composition :
| Name of The
active ingredient |
Percentage in
W/W |
| Chloropyriphos Technical based on
94% w/w purity |
21.5% |
| Solvent aromax |
72.5% |
| Emulsifier (Ionic and non ionic) |
6.0% |
| Total |
100% |
Chemical Class: organophosphate
Introduction: Chlorpyrifos
is a broad-spectrum organophosphate insecticide.
While originally used primarily to kill
mosquitoes, Chlorpyrifos is effective
in controlling cutworms, corn rootworms,
cockroaches, grubs, flea beetles, flies,
termites, fire ants, and lice. It is used
as an insecticide on grain, cotton, field,
fruit, nut and vegetable crops, and well
as on lawns and ornamental plants. It
is also registered for use in domestic
dwellings, farm buildings, storage bins,
and commercial establishments. Chlorpyrifos
acts on pests primarily as a contact poison,
with some action as a stomach poison.
It is available as emulsifiable concentrate.
Formulation: It is
available as granules, wettable powder,
dustable powder, and emulsifiable concentrate.
CHLORPYRIFOS TECHNICAL
| Chemical name |
: |
O,O-diethyl O-3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyl
phosphorothioate |
| Molecular formula |
: |
C9H11Cl3NO3PS |
| Purity |
: |
95%, 97% & 99% min. |
| Appearance |
: |
Colorless crystalline solid
|
| Odour |
: |
Faint |
| Specific gravity/density |
: |
1.30 – 1.40 |
|
Target Crop : Paddy,
Beans, Gram, Sugar Cane, Cotton, Groundnut,
Mustard, Brinjal, Cabbage, Cauliflower,
Onion, Apple, Ber, Citrus,Sugarcane ,coffee,all
fruit crops , and Tea Plantations.
Classification of mode of action
: A broad spectrum organo-phosphorus
compound, contact stomach and fumigant
action insecticide, acaricide and termiticide.
Exhibits long residual action. Compatible
with most commonly used insecticides,
fungicides and acaricides except alkaline
ones. Mainly as a contact poison for Hispa,
Leaf roller borer, Cut worm, Black bug,
Pyrilla, Bollworm, White Fly, Shoot &
Fruit borer, DBM, root, Cockchafers in
tea Plantations. It is an effective termiticide
in agriculture use through seed treatment/soil
application and in forest lands, buildings,
(during & after construction).
Product Potential :
Most versatile contact O.P. insecticide
used for the control of insect pests of
Agriculture, plantation crops and public
health importance can be used as spray,
seed treatment, seeding root dip, furrow
drenching etc. Can be used for termite
control effectively in residential building
foundations and agricultural farm houses
and barns infested with termite problem.
Excellent for termite control.
Dose and Application Procedure
: Super ban 20% EC: Its dosages
generally range from 350ml-500ml/200lits
water., (for pod borers, cut worms and
bollworms on Pulses and Cotton) and for
root grub on Onion) are recommended for
use. For control of insect pests on fruit
trees, its use is approved at concentrations
ranging from 0.02 to 0.05 per cent. 500ml
- 2000ml ha (1-4 ml./L.W.)
Ecological Effects:
-
Effects
on birds: Chlorpyrifos is moderately
to very highly toxic to birds . Its
oral LD50 is 8.41 mg/kg in pheasants,
112 mg/kg in mallard ducks, 21.0 mg/kg
in house sparrows, and 32 mg/kg in chickens
. The LD50 for a granular product (15G)
in bobwhite quail is 108 mg/kg . At
125 ppm, mallards laid significantly
fewer eggs . There was no evidence of
changes in weight gain, or in the number,
weight, and quality of eggs produced
by hens fed dietary levels of 50 ppm
of Chlorpyrifos
-
Effects
on aquatic organisms: Chlorpyrifos
is very highly toxic to freshwater fish,
aquatic invertebrates and estuarine
and marine organisms. Cholinesterase
inhibition was observed in acute toxicity
tests of fish exposed to very low concentrations
of this insecticide. Application of
concentrations as low as 0.01 pounds
of active ingredient per acre may cause
fish and aquatic invertebrate deaths
. Chlorpyrifos toxicity to fish may
be related to water temperature. The
96-hour LC50 for chlorpyrifos is 0.009
mg/L in mature rainbow trout, 0.098
mg/L in lake trout, 0.806 mg/L in goldfish,
0.01 mg/L in bluegill, and 0.331 mg/L
in fathead minnow . When fathead minnows
were exposed to Dursban for a 200-day
period during which they reproduced,
the first generation of offspring had
decreased survival and growth, as well
as a significant number of deformities.
This occurred at approximately 0.002
mg/L exposure for a 30-day period .
Chlorpyrifos accumulates in the tissues
of aquatic organisms. Studies involving
continuous exposure of fish during the
embryonic through fry stages have shown
bioconcentration values of 58 to 5100
. Due to its high acute toxicity and
its persistence in sediments, Chlorpyrifos
may represent a hazard to sea bottom
dwellers . Smaller organisms appear
to be more sensitive than larger ones
.
-
Effects
on other organisms: Aquatic
and general agricultural uses of Chlorpyrifos
pose a serious hazard to wildlife and
honeybees.
-
Breakdown
in soil and groundwater: Chlorpyrifos
is moderately persistent in soils. The
half-life of chlorpyrifos in soil is
usually between 60 and 120 days, but
can range from 2 weeks to over 1 year,
depending on the soil type, climate,
and other conditions . The soil half-life
of chlorpyrifos was from 11 to 141 days
in seven soils ranging in texture from
loamy sand to clay and with soil pHs
from 5.4 to 7.4. Chlorpyrifos was less
persistent in the soils with a higher
pH . Soil half-life was not affected
by soil texture or organic matter content.
In anaerobic soils, the half-life was
15 days in loam and 58 days in clay
soil . Adsorbed chlorpyrifos is subject
to degradation by UV light, chemical
hydrolysis and by soil microbes. When
applied to moist soils, the volatility
half-life of chlorpyrifos was 45 to
163 hours, with 62 to 89% of the applied
chlorpyrifos remaining on the soil after
36 hours . In another study, 2.6 and
9.3% of the chlorpyrifos applied to
sand or silt loam soil remained after
30 days . Chlorpyrifos adsorbs strongly
to soil particles and it is not readily
soluble in water . It is therefore immobile
in soils and unlikely to leach or to
contaminate groundwater. TCP, the principal
metabolite of chlorpyrifos, adsorbs
weakly to soil particles and appears
to be moderately mobile and persistent
in soils.
-
Breakdown
in water: The concentration
and persistence of chlorpyrifos in water
will vary depending on the type of formulation.
For example, a large increase in chlorpyrifos
concentrations occurs when emulsifiable
concentrations and wettable powders
are released into water. As the pesticide
adheres to sediments and suspended organic
matter, concentrations rapidly decline.
The increase in the concentration of
insecticide is not as rapid for granules
and controlled release formulations
in the water, but the resulting concentration
persists longer . Volatilization is
probably the primary route of loss of
chlorpyrifos from water. Volatility
half-lives of 3.5 and 20 days have been
estimated for pond water . The photolysis
half-life of chlorpyrifos is 3 to 4
weeks during midsummer in the U.S. Its
change into other natural forms is slow
. Research suggests that this insecticide
is unstable in water, and the rate at
which it is hydrolyzed increases with
temperature, decreasing by 2.5- to 3-fold
with each 10 C drop in temperature.
The rate of hydrolysis is constant in
acidic to neutral waters, but increases
in alkaline waters. In water at pH 7.0
and 25 C, it had a half-life of 35 to
78 days.
-
Breakdown
in vegetation: Chlorpyrifos
may be toxic to some plants, such as
lettuce . Residues remain on plant surfaces
for approximately 10 to 14 days. Data
indicate that this insecticide and its
soil metabolites can accumulate in certain
crops.
-
Appearance:
Technical chlorpyrifos is an amber to
white crystalline solid with a mild
sulfur odor .
-
Chemical
Name: O,O-diethyl O-3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyl
phosphorothioate
-
Molecular
Weight: 350.62
-
Water Solubility:
2 mg/L @ 25 C
-
Solubility
in Other Solvents: benzene
s.; acetone s.; chloroform s.; carbon
disulfide s.; diethyl ether s.; xylene
s.; methylene chloride s.; methanol
s.
-
Melting
Point: 41.5-44 C
-
Vapor Pressure:
2.5 mPa @ 25 C
-
Partition
Coefficient: 4.6990
-
Adsorption
Coefficient: 6070
Normal Dose is 2.5
ml/lit. g. water
Packing Details :
| Quantum in Container
|
Nature of Packing
|
5Lit
1Lit
500ml/
250ml/
100ml/
50ml/
20 lit
|
Aluminium Container
Aluminium Container
Aluminium Container
Aluminium Container
Aluminium Container
Aluminium Container
Jar |
|
|
