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| Superkill-35
35%EC (Endosulphan) |
Composition :
| Name of The
active ingredient |
Percentage in
W/W |
| Endosulphan A.I. |
35% |
| Adjuvants |
65% |
| Total |
100% |
Introduction: Endosulfan
is a chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticide
and acaricide of the cyclodiene subgroup
which acts as a poison to a wide variety
of insects and mites on contact. It is
a broad-spectrum chlorinated hydrocarbon
type of insecticide. It is effective for
the control of sucking and chewing insects
such as Aphids, Thrips, Bollworm, Fruitborer,
Podborer, Stem borer, Leaf cutting and
Leaf chewing Caterpillars of Cotton, Vegatable
crops, Fruit trees and Tea plantation.
Its residual effect is small and short
lived. It is so safe that vegetables can
be plucked just two days after the spray.
It does not harm the predators of the
beneficial insects. It is recommended
under IPM.
Although it may also be used as a wood
preservative, it is used primarily on
a wide variety of food crops including
tea, coffee, fruits, and vegetables, as
well as on rice, cereals, maize, sorghum,
or other grains. Formulations of endosulfan
include emsulsifiable concentrate, wettable
powder, ultra-low volume (ULV) liquid,
and smoke tablets. It is compatible with
many other pesticides. It is not compatible
with alkaline materials. Technical endosulfan
is made up of a mixture of two molecular
forms (isomers) of endosulfan, the alpha-
and beta-isomers. Information presented
in this profile refers to this technical
product unless otherwise stated.
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Formulation: Formulations
of endosulfan include emulsifiable concentrate
ENDOSULFAN TECHNICAL
| Chemical name |
: |
(1,4,5,6,7,7-hexachloro-8,9,10-trinorborn-5-en-2,3-ylene
bismethylene) sulfite; 6,7,8,9,10,10-hexachloro-1,5,5a,6,9,9a-hexahydro-6,9-methano-2,4,3-benzodioxathiepine
3-oxide |
| Molecular formula |
: |
C9H6Cl6O3S |
| Purity |
: |
94% min. |
| Appearance |
: |
Cream to colourless flakes
|
| Odour |
: |
Slight sulfurous |
| Specific gravity/density |
: |
1.80 (200C) |
|
Target Crop : Tea, coffee,
cereals, vegetables, fruits and plantation
crops.
Classification of mode of action
: Endosulfan is a chlorinated
hydrocarbon insecticide and acaricide
of the cyclodiene subgroup which acts
as a poison to a wide variety of insects
and mites on contact. Although it may
also be used as a wood preservative, it
is used primarily on a wide variety of
food crops including tea, coffee, fruits
and vegetables, as well as on rice, cereals,
maize, sorghum or other grains.
Product potential :
Very effective against a wide range of
pests, like root and shoot borers, cockshafers,
thrips, green fly, caterpillars controls
chewing pests with ease. It is very effective
to control soil borne pest also it controls
cockshafer grubs of tea. Superkill 35
is effective against a variety of paddy
pests and on cabbage, parwal and potato
crops. It controls potato beetles.
Ecological Effects:
-
Effects
on birds: Endosulfan is highly
to moderately toxic to bird species,
with reported oral LD50 values in mallards
ranging from 31 to 243 mg/kg and in
pheasants ranging from 80 to greater
than 320 mg/kg . The reported 5-day
dietary LC50 is 2906 ppm in Japanese
quail . Male mallards from 3 to 4 months
old exhibited wings crossed high over
their back, tremors, falling, and other
symptoms as soon as 10 minutes after
an acute, oral dose. The symptoms persisted
for up to a month in a few animals.
-
Effects
on aquatic organisms: Endosulfan
is very highly toxic to four fish species
and both of the aquatic invertebrates
studied; in fish species, the reported
96-hour LC50 values were (in ug/L):
rainbow trout, 1.5; fathead minnow,
1.4; channel catfish, 1.5; and bluegill
sunfish, 1.2. In two aquatic invertebrates,
scuds (G. lacustris) and stoneflies
(Pteronarcys), the reported 96-hour
LC50 values were, respectively, 5.8
ug/L and 3.3 ug/L . The bioaccumulation
for the compound may be significant;
in the mussel (Mytelus edulis) the compound
accumulated to 600 times the ambient
water concentration.
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Effects
on other organisms: It is moderately
toxic to bees and is relatively nontoxic
to beneficial insects such as parasitic
wasps, lady bird beetles, and some mites
.
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Breakdown
in soil and groundwater: Endosulfan
is moderately persistent in the soil
environment with a reported average
field half-life of 50 days. The two
isomers have different degradation times
in soil. The half-life for the alpha
-somer is 35 days, and is 150 days for
the beta-isomer under neutral conditions.
These two isomers will persist longer
under more acidic conditions. The compound
is broken down in soil by fungi and
bacteria . Endosulfan does not easily
dissolve in water, and has a very low
solubility . It has a moderate capacity
to adhere or adsorb to soils . Transport
of this pesticide is most likely to
occur if endosulfan is adsorbed to soil
particles in surface runoff. It is not
likely to be very mobile or to pose
a threat to groundwater. It has, however,
been detected in California well water.
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Breakdown
in water: In raw river water
at room temperature and exposed to light,
both isomers disappeared in 4 weeks
. A breakdown product first appeared
within the first week. The breakdown
in water is faster (5 weeks) under neutral
conditions than at more acidic conditions
or basic conditions (5 months) . Under
strongly alkaline conditions the half-life
of the compound is 1 day. Large amounts
of endosulfan can be found in surface
water near areas of application. It
has also been found in surface water
throughout the country at very low concentrations.
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Breakdown
in vegetation: In plants, endosulfan
is rapidly broken down to the corresponding
sulfate . On most fruits and vegetables,
50% of the parent residue is lost within
3 to 7 days . Endosulfan and its breakdown
products have been detected in vegetables
(0.0005-0.013 ppm), in tobacco, in various
seafoods (0.2 ppt-1.7 ppb), and in milk.
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Appearance:
Pure Endosulfan is a colorless crystal.
Technical grade is a yellow-brown color
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Chemical
Name: 6,7,8,9,10,10-hexachloro-1,5,5a,6,9,9a-hexahydro-6,9-methano-2,4,3-benzadioxathiepin
3-oxide
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Molecular Weight:
406.96
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Water Solubility:
0.32 mg/L @ 22 C
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Solubility in Other
Solvents: s. in toluene and hexane
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Melting Point: Technical
material, 70-100 C
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Vapor Pressure:
1200 mPa @ 80 C
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Partition Coefficient:
Not Available
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Adsorption Coefficient:
12,400
Dose and Application Procedure
: 2ml/lit of water.
Packing Details :
| Quantum in Container
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Nature of Packing
|
5Lit
1Lit
500ml
250ml
100ml
20 Lit |
Tin Container
Tin Container
Tin Container
Tin Container
Tin Container
Jar |
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